Reference

References

Every primary source cited on this site lives below. Three sub-indexes: research, practitioner, and platform. The full structured entries are stored in /content/sources.yaml.

60 sources · last regenerated at build time

Research

Peer-reviewed academic literature, including the EHT M87* paper series, the blind-analysis methodology canon, and hackathon-research syntheses.

10 sources

  1. Aaron Klein and Aaron Roodman. Blind Analysis in Nuclear and Particle Physics (2005).klein-roodman-blind-analysis· research-paperAnnual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science vol. 55, pp. 141-163.
  2. Akiyama et al. (EHT Collaboration). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Imaging the Central Supermassive Black Hole (2019).eht-paper-iv· research-paperApJL 875:L4. Documents the four-team blind imaging methodology.
  3. Akiyama et al. (EHT Collaboration). First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results — Papers I through VI (2019).eht-m87-papers-series-2019· research-paperThe full M87 paper series in ApJL vol. 875 (2019). Paper IV (already cited as eht-paper-iv) covers the imaging methodology. Papers I, II, III, V, VI cover the array, calibration and pipeline, data processing, the physical origin of the asymmetric ring, and the shadow and mass of the central black hole respectively. Cite individually with separate IDs once a citation needs Paper I or II or V or VI specifically; for now this stub holds the place of the broader series.
  4. Akiyama et al. (EHT Collaboration). First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results — Papers I through VI (2022).eht-sgrA-papers-series-2022· research-paperThe Sgr A* paper series in ApJL vol. 930 (2022). Verify exact arxiv IDs per paper before citing — do not guess.
  5. Akiyama et al. (EHT Collaboration). EHT polarized-light follow-up papers (2021 M87, 2024 Sgr A*) (2024).eht-polarization-followups· research-paperStub for the M87 polarization papers (2021, ApJL 910) and the Sgr A* polarization papers (2024). Replace with specific paper entries once any one of them is cited directly.
  6. Alexander Nolte et al.. The Future of Hackathon Research and Practice (2022).nolte-future-hackathon-research· research-paper
  7. Bilal Busby et al.. Hackathons as a means of accelerating scientific discoveries and knowledge transfer (2018).busby-hackathons-scientific· research-paper
  8. M. Miyoshi, Y. Kato, and J. Makino. 2024 MNRAS critique of the EHT Sgr A* image (2024).miyoshi-mnras-critique-2024· research-paperFoundational doc paired this with the EHT collaboration's published response as a case study in post-publication methodological dispute. Verify exact title, MNRAS volume, and DOI/arxiv before citing.
  9. Peter Galison, Juliusz Doboszewski, Jamee Elder, Niels Martens, et al.. The Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration: History, Philosophy, and Culture (2023).galison-ngeht-history· research-paperGalaxies vol. 11:32. ngEHT HPC working-group analysis.
  10. Robert MacCoun and Saul Perlmutter. Blind analysis: Hide results to seek the truth (2015).maccoun-perlmutter-blind· research-paperNature vol. 526, p. 187.

Practitioner

First-person practitioner writing, podcasts, talks, journalism, and long-form narrative.

28 sources

  1. Andrew Chael. Andrew Chael's clarification thread on Bouman's role in the M87 imaging (2019).chael-twitter-clarification-2019· social-postFoundational doc references this as "archived at inside-higher-ed.com Quick Takes." Find the canonical archive URL (Twitter/X thread original or Inside Higher Ed Quick Takes link) before citing.
  2. AngelHack. Be an All Star Sponsor at Your Next Hackathon.angelhack-sponsor-guide· practitioner-essay
  3. Anton Osika. Anton Osika — Lovable founder commentary.anton-osika-lovable· practitioner-essayLovable founder, primary practitioner voice on AI-tool-driven hackathon dynamics 2024-2026. Foundational doc cites him "across several podcasts" without naming a specific episode. Add a specific episode URL when first cited. Candidate sources: Lenny's Newsletter, How I AI, 20VC, Latent Space.
  4. Audrey "Jia" Chen. 21x hackathon winner, turned college dropout, turned founder (2024).jia-chen-peterman-pod· podcastCentral practitioner voice. Claims around team dynamics, judge interaction, GitHub-activity-over-resume, short presentations, frontend-backend integration risk.
  5. Carl Domingo. Judging Criteria for Hackathons (2018).domingo-judging-criteria· practitioner-essay
  6. CNBC. I Joined a 24-Hour 'Vibe Coding' Hackathon (2025).cnbc-vibe-coding· pressSource for the Singapore vibe-coding event and the Sherry Jiang framing. Verified verbatim quote (eight words, well under the 20-word ceiling): "We've lowered the barrier, but raised the bar." Cited in /content/manifesto/ai-era.mdx with quotation marks. The surrounding paragraph paraphrases her broader interview answer (product sense, taste, positioning the work) without reproducing further verbatim language, keeping the per-piece quote budget at one short quotation.
  7. CNN. Internet trolls tried to credit a white man for the black hole image (2019).bouman-credit-cnn· press
  8. Cognizant. Cognizant's Vibe Coding Event Sets GUINNESS WORLD RECORDS Title (2025).cognizant-guinness· press53,199 participants, 30,601 prototypes, 10 days. Use the precise figures when the prose context can carry them; round only when the imprecision strengthens the argument.
  9. Devpost (interviews with Square, Databricks, Google, NEAR Foundation, Atlassian). How to Win a Hackathon: Advice from 5 Seasoned Judges.devpost-5-judges· practitioner-essay
  10. Eventflare. Eventflare hackathon judging guide.eventflare-judging-guide· practitioner-essayCited in Principle Two for citing a USC study on judge bias toward extroverted, polished presenters. Find the specific guide URL on eventflare.io before citing.
  11. HackerEarth. Crafting Effective Problem Statements for Hackathons.hackerearth-problem-statements· practitioner-essay
  12. Handy AI. I Won $500 Vibe Coding at a Hackathon (2025).handy-ai-vibe-coding· practitioner-essay
  13. Heino Falcke and Jörg Römer. Light in the Darkness: Black Holes, the Universe, and Us (2021).falcke-light-in-the-darkness· long-formMemoir by the EHT Science Council chair and originator of the M87 imaging concept. HarperOne / Hodder & Stoughton.
  14. Jimin Lee (clice). Google Solution Challenge Top 3 Winning Strategies, Praised by the Country Director of Google Korea (2025).jimin-lee-google-solution-challenge· practitioner-essayAPAC Top-3 winner, primary-source account of the 2025 regional split.
  15. Katherine Bouman. The Inside Story of the First Picture of a Black Hole (2020).bouman-ieee-spectrum· practitioner-essayFirst-person account of the seven-week 2018 imaging sprint.
  16. Katherine Bouman. How to Take a Picture of a Black Hole (2016).bouman-tedx-2016· long-formTEDxBeaconStreet. Articulates the multiple-sketch-artists rationale.
  17. lablab.ai. AI to Code: The Definitive Guide to Winning AI Hackathons via Vibe Coding.lablab-ai-vibe-coding-guide· practitioner-essay
  18. Long Ren. From Judge to Judged: 2 Weeks, 2 AI Hackathons, 100+ Developers (2024).long-ren-judge-to-judged· practitioner-essay
  19. Major League Hacking (organizer essay author TBD). MLH organizer essay on hardware-versus-software judge attention bias (2014).mlh-news-hardware-bias-2014· practitioner-essayCited in foundational doc Principle Two. Likely lives on news.mlh.io or its predecessor. Verify author name and exact URL before citing.
  20. NBC News. The first picture of a black hole made Katie Bouman an overnight celebrity. Then internet trolls descended. (2019).bouman-credit-nbc· press
  21. Nick Singh. Win Hackathons in 2022 — a How-to Guide (2022).nick-singh-hackathons· practitioner-essay
  22. Peter Galison (dir.). Black Holes: The Edge of All We Know (2020).galison-doc-edge-of-all-we-know· long-formSandbox Films / Netflix. On-screen title cards label the Oct 12 2017 Black Hole Initiative event "EHT Image Hackathon" — primary-source citation for the Blind Replication Sprint archetype. Also available at blackholefilm.com.
  23. Pieter Levels. Pieter Levels — levels.io and @levelsio.pieter-levels-levelsio· practitioner-essayBuild-in-public ethos canonical voice. Twitter/X: @levelsio. Add a specific essay or thread URL when first cited rather than relying on the site root.
  24. Richard Murby. Defining Problem Statements (2017).murby-defining-problem-statements· practitioner-essayThree-part test for problem statements (clear, actionable, linked to impact).
  25. Seth Fletcher. Einstein's Shadow: A Black Hole, a Band of Astronomers, and the Quest to See the Unseeable (2018).fletcher-einsteins-shadow· long-formLong-form journalism by Scientific American features editor. Published before the result, ends in deliberate cliffhanger. Ecco / HarperCollins.
  26. Sze Yu Sim. How I Win Most Hackathons — Stories & Pro Tips from a Serial Hacker (2022).sze-yu-sim-how-i-win· practitioner-essay
  27. TBD. 2013 Salesforce $1M Hackathon — Upshot scandal coverage (2013).salesforce-1m-2013-coverage· pressCanonical anti-example of themeless open innovation gone wrong, won by Upshot, a two-person team whose project had been in development for over a year and one of whose members was a former Salesforce employee. Likely sources: TechCrunch, VentureBeat, or Salesforce's own post-event coverage. Verify before citing.
  28. Theo Browne. Theo Browne — t3.gg writing and YouTube channel.theo-browne-t3· practitioner-essayT3 stack creator, video commentary on web frameworks and developer tooling. Channel: https://youtube.com/@t3dotgg. Add a specific video or essay URL when first cited rather than relying on the channel root.

Platform

Event organizing documentation, platform docs, OSS repos, and accessibility standards.

22 sources

  1. .gitcheck (Devpost-listed project). .gitcheck — automated commit-history audit for hackathons.gitcheck-devpost· toolCited in Principle Seven for automating timeline audits by analyzing GitHub commit history against the official hackathon window to detect pre-existing or suspicious development activity.
  2. Aaron Schumacher. hackathon.guide.schumacher-hackathon-guide· oss-repo
  3. Civic Hack DC. Civic Hack DC.civic-hack-dc· official-docCited in Principle Three for treating problem statements as a curated vetted artifact via internal review board. Verify current site (codefordc.org may be the umbrella organization).
  4. Devpost. Devpost Organizer & Judge Blog.devpost-blog· official-doc
  5. dribdat (Oleg Lavrovsky). Awesome Hackathon Meta-List.dribdat-awesome-hackathon· oss-repo
  6. ETHGlobal. ETHOnline 2025 Event Documentation.ethglobal-ethonline-2025· official-docCanonical source for ETHGlobal's AI-attribution rules and partner-bounty structure. The exact rule language ("submissions that rely entirely on AI without meaningful contributions from team members are ineligible for partner prizes or finalist consideration") lives on this event's rules tab.
  7. Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration. EHT Collaboration response to Miyoshi et al. 2024.eht-collaboration-response-miyoshi· official-docFoundational doc cites the EHT blog as the home of the response. Find the specific blog post URL before citing rather than linking the blog root.
  8. Google Developers. Google Solution Challenge.gdsc-solution-challenge· official-doc
  9. Google Developers. Google Solution Challenge — Timeline & Rubric.gdsc-solution-challenge-timeline· official-docSource for the fifty-point Impact-plus-Technology rubric cited in Principle Two and Principle Three (participant-authored architecture).
  10. Hackathon.com. Hackathon.com organizer guide.hackathon-com-organizer-guide· official-docCited in foundational doc Principle One for naming "your hackathon does not have a problem to focus on" as the first common organizer mistake. Find the exact essay URL on hackathon.com before citing.
  11. HackDuke. HackDuke Code for Good.hackduke-code-for-good· official-docCited as exemplar of themed multi-track open innovation with majority- novice sub-prizes. Verify whether HackDuke's site is still live (the event ran 2014-2018ish) — may need to use Wayback Machine archive instead.
  12. KONE. KONE Open Hackathon.kone-open-hackathon· official-docCited in Principle Six as exemplar of theme-led open hackathon ("smart elevators, safety and security, energy efficiency"). Historical reference; URL likely requires Wayback Machine.
  13. Major League Hacking. MLH Hackathon Organizer Guide (2025).mlh-guide· official-doc
  14. Major League Hacking. mlh-policies.mlh-policies-repo· oss-repoCC-BY 4.0. Contains MLH's Standard Rules and related policy documents.
  15. Major League Hacking. MLH Standard Hackathon Rules.mlh-standard-rules· official-docThe specific Standard Rules document inside the mlh-policies repo. Cited for AI attribution language, pre-event project work prohibition, and crediting tools used. Pin to the exact file path when adding the citation rather than the repo root if the file path is stable.
  16. NASA Space Apps Challenge. Judging and Awards Guide.nasa-space-apps-judging-guide· official-doc
  17. Protein Structure Prediction Center. CASP — Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction.casp-prediction-center· official-docClosest institutional analogue to the EHT's blind-replication protocol; biennial since 1994. AlphaFold dominated CASP14 in 2020 (results at predictioncenter.org/casp14/).
  18. Quadathon. Quadathon — vibe-coding event format.quadathon· official-docAdjacent format reference in the integrity-tooling pool.
  19. Smart India Hackathon. Smart India Hackathon Official Site.sih-official· official-doc
  20. W3C. Technique H86: Providing text alternatives for ASCII art, emoticons, and leetspeak.w3c-h86· standardASCII-art accessibility wrapper. Used by every <AsciiBlock> on the site.
  21. Wikipedia contributors. NASA International Space Apps Challenge.nasa-space-apps-wikipedia· official-doc
  22. WildHacks (Northwestern University). WildHacks statistical normalization methodology.wildhacks-normalization· official-docCited in Principle Two for the median-after-dropping-outliers protocol (same as National Speech and Debate Association). Verify whether the methodology is published on wildhacks.org or in a separate document.